CID

 A Crime Inspection Department (CID) is a branch of the State Police Services of India responsible for the investigation of crime, based on the Criminal Investigation Departments of British police forces.

HISTORY 

1902 - Frazer Commission was appointed by the then British Government to review the Policing in British India and to recommend suggestions for improvement in Police Department.





1903 - Frazer Commission submitted its report to Government. One Important recommendation of the Commission was that a separate Crime Branch should be created for each Presidency under direction and control of the Inspector General of Police. Mr.J.E.Down, Inspector General of Police of Bombay Presidency from 1897 to June 1905, had assisted Frazer Commission in drafting recommendations for improvement in policing.



June 1905 - The British Government implemented recommendations of Frazer Commission and appointed Mr.R.B.Stewart
as Inspector General of Police for Bombay Presidency. Mr.J.E.Down was downgraded as Dy.Inspector General of Police and appointed as Head of the Railways and Criminal Investigation, created newly as per the recommendation of Frazer Commission.


COMPOSITION
The CB-CID is headed by an officer of the rank of Addl. DGP/IGP, who is assisted by a number of police officers of the rank of DIGP, SP, Addl. SP, DySP, Inspector, SI, Head Constable & Constable, Specialists in Fingerprints, photography, computer professionals and experts in other fields. The latter category of staff may be on deputation or contract for specific periods. The CB-CID is a specialized branch which tackles the various crime related issues at micro level and, therefore, is structured into various cells, units and sections as indicated below. In view of the compactness of the State and the State Police organization two or more cells may be placed under the charge of one officer and an officer may head or work in more than one cell/unit/section:


Police Station (CB-CID)
Economic Offences, Bank Frauds, FICN and Forged Travel Documents Cell
SCRB (which includes the criminal intelligence, crime analysis and research centre) & CCTNS Cell
Crime against Women, Weaker Sections & PCR Cell.
Anti-Human Trafficking & Missing Persons Cell
Human Rights Cell
Anti-Narcotics Cell
Cyber Crime Cell
Homicide Cell/Arms & Explosives Cell
Serious & Organized Crime cell
Fingerprints & Footprints and Photography Cell
Kidnapping and Abduction Cell
Immoral Traffic and Juvenile Crime Cell
Property Offences & Antique Property Cell
Verification Cell
Legal & Prosecution unit
Administration & Accounts section
Dog Squad


COMPUTER SECTION
he general control of the Computer Section is vested with Addl. Director General of Police, CID, MS, Pune, who is assisted by Spl. Inspector General of Police, SCRB, Supdt. of Police (Technicle Services). DySsP are deputed at Ranges & Commissionerates, who supervise working of computerization projects in respective Ranges & Commissionerates of Maharashtra
Objectives
Sharing crime and criminal information across states and across the country
Sharing intelligence across the states, across the country
Enhancing tools for investigation, crime prevention, law & order maintenance, traffic management etc
Improving service delivery to the public/ citizen/ stakeholders
Enabling easier and faster analysis of data
Increasing operational efficiency


FINGERPRINT BEAUREU 

WORK OF THE FINGER PRINT BUREAU
Recording finger-print slips of
Convicts
Arrestee.
Searching of fingerprint slips, referred to it to ascertain antecedents.
Comparisons and opinion on finger-impressions on documents in civil and criminal cases
received from courts and other agencies.
Comparison of latent prints and giving opinions, when required.
Record & intimation of Externment /absconder’s reports;
Evidence in court.
Elimination work.
Training.

FINGERPRINT & HANDWRITING

Nature of Work
The Examiners of Documents are required to examine Questioned Documents in connection with Identification of Handwriting and Detection of Forgeries including problems of the following nature :-

1. Questioned signatures.
2. Fraudulent alterations.
3. Genuine document erroneously or fraudulently altered.
4. Anonymous letters for their authorship.
5. Authorship of superscriptions.
6. Sequence of writings.
7. Mechanical and Chemical erasures.
8. Identification of typewriting, printed material.
9. Ascertaining genuineness of Rubber Stamp impressions.
10. Threatening Letters, suicidal notes, Chits found at Scene of Crime.

The most common disputed documents are indicated above and they may be in the form of drafts, orders, contracts, agreements, assignments, wills, deeds and the like. Tickets of different kind, rare stamps, valuable manuscripts, certificates, letters of introduction or recommendation, degrees and diplomas, court papers, autographs, letters from or signed by famous personalities etc.
Examination of Questioned Documents
Questioned documents are examined carefully in original by the examiner of documents with the help of magnifying apparatus under different magnification and with the help of different lighting conditions such as direct light, oblique light, transmitted light and also ultra violet light. They are examined under stereoscopic microscope, Video Spectral Comparator, Poliview. Examination of documents is aided by enlarged photographs which are prepared in photographic sections. Photographs obtained with special technique by making use of microscope, ultra violet rays are also used in examination of certain types of Questioned documents. Expert opinion based on such examination is furnished to the Officers or agencies referring cases to the state C.I.D..
Evidence of Examiner of Documents
Examiner of Documents gives evidence in the Court whenever called upon to do so in order to prove their findings on Questioned documents.
Evidence of Examiners of Documents.
Examiners of Documents will give evidence in the court whenever called upon to do so, in order to prove their findings on questioned documents. For the purpose they will undertake tours whenever necessary. The summonses from courts will be sent to the Additional Director General of Police, C.I.D. (Crime) M.S. Pune well in advance giving details of the expert opinion required.
Assistance to Prosecutors.
In those cases in which the Examiners of Documents are summoned to give expert evidence, they will assist the Prosecutors or Advocates in charge of the cases, in the cross-examination of expert witnesses giving evidence on the opposite side. In all such cases the prior approval of the Addl. Director General of Police, C.I.D. (Crime) M.S., Pune will be taken.
Training.
The Chief State Examiner of Documents will impart training to the Assistant State Examiner of Documents newly appointed in the State. He will also impart training to officer trainees by other States.
Lectures.
The Chief State Examiner of Documents will deliver lectures to Sub-Inspectors under training form Maharashtra Police Academy, Nashik and other Police Training Schools in the State.
Inspection.
The Chief State Examiner of Documents will inspect the Handwriting and photographic Bureaux at Mumbai, Nagpur and Aurangabad once a year.


DOG TRAINING

Each Dog Unit is headed by an officer of the rank of PSI.The initial training period of six months. However, this duration largely depend on the ability of Dog. Generally the training consist of the following phases-

Initial Training Course
Obedience Training
Detection of Explosive and Norcotics
Tracking
Refresher Training

After successful completion of training, the dogs are sent back to their respective units. Officers from the training center.visit various units periodically for inspection and examination of the fitness of the dogs on duty.

Classes of crime to be investigated by the CB-CID and the procedure thereof- The Crime Investigation Department, will ordinarily, deal with crimes of the following classes. Request for taking up of investigation by CB-CID can be made by any Unit Officer without the orders of the head of CID or the DGP no such enquiry or investigation shall be taken up by CB-CID. Counterfeit currency and important thefts of currency notes Counterfeit coining when the counterfeits are struck from dies, and other cognate offences in respect of coining by dies. Theft of Government arms and ammunition Illicit manufacture, transport, sale, possession of firearms, ammunition, explosives and explosive substances Important cases in which foreigners are concerned (including cases of international criminals and trafficking in women by foreigners Frauds by means of advertisements, bogus funds and companies / societies, impersonation of public servants, and swindling Special and important cases of murder, all important and inter-State dacoity, robbery and housebreaking. Frauds, thefts or cheating of a peculiar nature affecting more than one district. Stock market and Bank frauds Important terrorist cases and cases of bio terrorism Important defalcations of public money and theft of public property. Smuggling of narcotics and psychotropic substances, drug trafficking and serious offences under NDPS Act. Financial and Economic crimes i.e., money laundering, bank frauds, forgeries, misappropriation, cheating, breach of trust. Organized crime (Mafia type) and gang cases Important conspiracy cases whose ramifications extend to several districts. Organized offences relating to environment, flora and fauna Trafficking in women, girls and children Important cases of rape and dowry deaths Pornography Any serious crime, which appears to have a political motive, including all offences, connected with arms and explosives, which are suspected to be of a political nature Organized thefts of motor vehicles Other cases of Inter-State or International nature requiring specialized investigation and coordination. Organized cases of atrocities against Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes and important communal or caste riots accompanied by murders and arson Cases of bringing fraudulent civil suits. Cases of such a nature as in the opinion of the DGP, the Addl DGP/IGP, CID or district authorities call for investigation by an officer of the CB-CID. Functions of Crime Branch, Crime Investigation Department: - A. Registration, investigation, detection and prosecution of specified class of cases and cases entrusted by the Government and DGP. B. Conducting of enquiries as per laid down procedure in prescribed situations. C. Maintenance, up-dating and use of Crime-Criminal Information System, crime and criminal records, planning and implementation of criminal intelligence system and crime analysis to improve prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of criminal cases. D. Coordination of investigation and related matters in the State and with other States and National Institutions/Organizations dealing with crime investigation and maintenance of crime & criminal records. E. Efficient, professional and independent functioning of SCRB, FPB and their modernization. F. Advise, assist and report to DGP and Government on matters concerning investigation and prosecution. G. Coordination with the FSLs. H. Collection, Dissemination and Utilization of criminal intelligence on subjects dealt by the CB-CID and prevention of crime by creating pubic awareness. I. Verification and Issue of NOCs for registration of vehicles, companies/firms, cyber cafes etc. J. Timely submission of returns and reports to the concerned Central & State Govt. agencies. K. Reply to Parliamentary & Assembly questions on crime and other matters relating to the State Police department except those that relate to purely administrative issues. L. In cases relating to Human trafficking launch rescue operations and attend to post rescue victim care and protection in coordination with the NGOs. M. Coordinate in r/o prosecution matters including with the PPs/APPs and the Law department. N. Legal vetting of charge-sheets forwarded by the district police by the Law Officer in the CB-CID. O. Monitor Timely execution of summons/warrants etc. within and outside the State. P. Maintain Data base in r/o cases under trial, court disposals and court orders. Q. Examine and report on judgments for filing appeals. R. Examine and report on references relating to criminal law and legal matters. S. Support presentation of prosecution evidence in important cases by way of research work and coordination with I/Os. T. Character & Antecedent verification. U. Deal with administrative and accounts matters of the CB-CID as per rules and instructions. V. Issue of Identity Cards to the Police personnel by the photography cell. W. Maintain canine squad and assist through their services the district and Special Branch in tracking of criminals, checking of narcotics and explosives and anti sabotage checks. Types of Job Roles Crime Investigation Department (CID) Officer To be in this profession, one can match his/her particular interests up with different federal law enforcement agencies. For CID officers there are a variety of job profiles that one can target on the basis of their interest areas. Some of the job profiles that can be opted are listed below: Fraud Investigator: He/she investigates fraud by obtaining statements of fact, depositions or confessions from complainants, employers and witnesses. A fraud investigator also researches records and obtain, analyze, and appraise evidentiary data and oversee the development and implementation of fraud prevention, detection and resolution strategies. Investigative Officer: The job of investigative officers is to conduct inquiries to discover who committed crimes and to gather evidence to prosecute and convict suspects. They write reports based on the findings and are often called upon to appear in court to explain the results of their investigations. Criminologists: They conduct research, develop theories, investigate crime scenes, and compose reports. They use their analytical backgrounds to assist law enforcement in identifying and understanding criminal behavior. Paralegal: Paralegal investigates facts and laws of cases to determine causes of action and to prepare cases. Most of the time, paralegals work for law offices, corporations’ legal departments or courts. They also assist lawyers in filing materials such as motions, memoranda and pleadings. Narcotics Officer: A narcotics officer specializes in preventing illegal drug use and distribution. Narcotics officers also might write reports and analyze evidence for cases. They also disseminate information concerning drug prevention within the community X. CB-CID will assist and support the district police either by taking up the entire investigation of a case, or by sending one or more of the specialist investigating officers or civilian experts to the district Police, including visits to scenes of crime, providing technical support, criminal intelligence and information, crime analysis and providing specific advice on investigation or coordination within the state and other states, securing investigative assistance from other states and countries. The district Superintendents of Police will act in a similar manner and furnish all necessary information and assistance to the CB-CID. Y. The District Crime Record Bureau functions will be performed by a unit in the office of Addl. SP/DySP located at the district police headquarters under the supervision of the district SP. Z. The Crime Investigation Department in no way relieves the district police of their responsibility towards the prevention, investigation and detection of crime. NB: Each cell/unit/squad of the CB-CID will have their separate detailed list of subjects/types of cases to be dealt by them and SOPs for their working duly incorporating the guidelines issued in that regard by the Central or State Government or the Apex Court. Classes of crime to be investigated by the CB-CID  The Crime Investigation Department, will ordinarily, deal with crimes of the following classes. Request for taking up of investigation by CB-CID can be made by any Unit Officer without the orders of the head of CID or the DGP no such enquiry or investigation shall be taken up by CB-CID. Counterfeit currency and important thefts of currency notes Counterfeit coining when the counterfeits are struck from dies, and other cognate offences in respect of coining by dies. Theft of Government arms and ammunition Illicit manufacture, transport, sale, possession of firearms, ammunition, explosives and explosive substances Important cases in which foreigners are concerned (including cases of international criminals and trafficking in women by foreigners Frauds by means of advertisements, bogus funds and companies / societies, impersonation of public servants, and swindling Special and important cases of murder, all important and inter-State dacoity, robbery and housebreaking. Frauds, thefts or cheating of a peculiar nature affecting more than one district. Stock market and Bank frauds Important terrorist cases and cases of bio terrorism Important defalcations of public money and theft of public property. Smuggling of narcotics and psychotropic substances, drug trafficking and serious offences under NDPS Act. Financial and Economic crimes i.e., money laundering, bank frauds, forgeries, misappropriation, cheating, breach of trust. Organized crime (Mafia type) and gang cases Important conspiracy cases whose ramifications extend to several districts. Organized offences relating to environment, flora and fauna Trafficking in women, girls and children Important cases of rape and dowry deaths Pornography Any serious crime, which appears to have a political motive, including all offences, connected with arms and explosives, which are suspected to be of a political nature Organized thefts of motor vehicles Other cases of Inter-State or International nature requiring specialized investigation and coordination. Organized cases of atrocities against Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes and important communal or caste riots accompanied by murders and arson Cases of bringing fraudulent civil suits. Cases of such a nature as in the opinion of the DGP, the Addl DGP/IGP, CID or district authorities call for investigation by an officer of the CB-CID.